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汉语主题显著句的英译研究

作　者: 王永康
导　师: 顾飞荣
学　校: 南京农业大学
专　业: 英语语言文学
关键词: 汉语主题显著句英译《骆驼祥子》
分类号: H146
类　型: 硕士论文
年　份: 2009年
下　载: 39次
引　用: 0次
阅　读: 论文下载

内容摘要

主题和主语是现代语言学中两个基本概念,对二者的相关研究不仅是一个重要课题,也是一个热门话题。不同的学者对主题和主语的概念有不同的看法,到目前为止,对主题和主语都尚未有明确统一的定义。由于汉语缺少形态变化,主题和汉语句子的基本结构及有关成分的关系就显得非常复杂。从主题和主语的角度来区别汉语和英语,汉语可以看作是主题显著性的语言,汉语的主题结构已经语法化为一种句法结构；英语可以看作是主语显著性的语言,英语的主题结构大多具有语用功能。既然主题结构在汉英两种语言中处于不同的地位,在进行汉英翻译时要特别注意他们的差异,适当进行调整转换。对于汉语主题显著句的英译原则和方法,以往学者有所论述,但是缺乏以文本为语料的研究文章。本文旨在通过对汉语句子主题显著结构的分析,全面清楚认识汉语主题结构现象,以便对汉语主题结构的英译有一定的指导作用。本文系统考察了主题概念,认为主题是一个语用层面的概念,是句子信息结构的组成部分；同时主题表示一定的话语功能,具有篇章特征,必须在动态的语境中才能确定。在此基础上比较了汉英两种语言在主题结构方面的差异,提出了汉语主题显著句的基本英译原则：当汉语和英语在主题结构的用法上相同时,可以在对应原则指导下进行翻译；当汉语和英语在主题结构的用法上不同时,根据英语为主语突出的语言特征,在调整变通的原则下进行翻译以凸显英语句式的这一特征。同时本文结合小说《骆驼祥子》及其英语译文,在对应和调整变通的原则指导下,具体探讨了英译汉语主题显著句的方法。采用这样的翻译原则和方法,避免了把等效翻译错误地理解为在形式与意义上的完全对应而在汉英两种语言结构间搞一种公式化的对等关系的情况,实现了两种语言的相互转换,达到了信息有效传递的目的。

全文目录

摘要  7-9
ABSTRACT  9-11
Chapter One INTRODUCTION  11-14
  1.1 Research background  11
  1.2 Research questions  11-12
  1.3 Purpose of this thesis  12
  1.4 Data collection and research method  12
  1.5 Research feasibility  12-13
  1.6 Thesis structure  13-14
Chapter Two CONCEPTS OF THEME AND TOPIC  14-20
  2.1 Definition of theme  14-16
  2.2 Definition of topic  16-17
  2.3 Features of topic  17-19
    2.3.1 Structural feature  17-18
    2.3.2 Semantic feature  18
    2.3.3 Discourse feature  18-19
  2.4 Summary  19-20
Chapter Three LITERATURE REVIEW  20-27
  3.1 Theme/topic-based theories  20-23
  3.2 Topic structure in Chinese and English  23-24
  3.3 Application of theme/topic-based theories to C-E translation  24-25
  3.4 Summary  25-27
Chapter Four CONTRASTIVE STUDY OF TOPIC STRUCTURE BETWEENCHINESE AND ENGLISH  27-38
  4.1 Identification of topic in Chinese and English sentences  27-29
    4.1.1 Topic is equal to theme  27-28
    4.1.2 Topic is a part of theme  28-29
    4.1.3 Clausal-topic structure  29
  4.2 Classification of topic-prominent sentence patterns in Chinese and English  29-35
    4.2.1 Topic-prominent Chinese-styled sentence patterns  29-32
      4.2.1.1 Topic of possessive relationship  30
      4.2.1.2 Topic of obscure "about ness" relationship  30-31
      4.2.1.3 Topic of whole and part relationship  31
      4.2.1.4 Topic of temporal or spatial relationship  31-32
      4.2.1.5 Topic of appositive relationship  32
      4.2.1.6 Topic of patient relationship  32
    4.2.2 Topic-prominent English-style sentence patterns  32-35
      4.2.2.1 Topic formed by topicalization  33
      4.2.2.2 Topic formed by left-dislocation  33-34
      4.2.2.3 Topic in "there be" structure  34
      4.2.2.4 Topic in interrogative and exclamatory sentences  34
      4.2.2.5 Topic in reversed sentences  34-35
  4.3 Differences in topic structure between Chinese and English  35-37
  4.4 Summary  37-38
Chapter Five C-E TRANSLATION OF TOPIC-PROMINENT SENTENCES  38-51
  5.1 Descriptive approach to Translation Studies  38-40
  5.2 The specific methods of translating topic-prominent sentences  40-51
    5.2.1 C-E translation of possessive topic structure  40-43
      5.2.1.1 Transformed into genitive form or "of" structure  41
      5.2.1.2 Transformed into the subject  41-42
      5.2.1.3 Translated into "subject+have" form  42-43
    5.2.2 C-E translation of patient topic structure  43-46
      5.2.2.1 Restoring topic to its original position  43-44
      5.2.2.2 Preserving the topic  44-45
      5.2.2.3 Transforming topic into an independent clause  45-46
      5.2.2.4 Adopting an attributive clause  46
    5.2.3 C-E translation of topic structures of obscure aboutness relationship  46-47
      5.2.3.1 Restoring and merging  46-47
      5.2.3.2 Adding and restoring  47
    5.2.4 C-E translation of topic structure of appositive relationship  47-48
    5.2.5 C-E translation of whole and part topic structure  48
    5.2.6 C-E translation of spatial or temporal topic structure  48-51
      5.2.6.1 Maintaining the topic  49
      5.2.6.2 Adopting "there be" structure  49
      5.2.6.3 Changing the topic into the subject  49-50
      5.2.6.4 Restoring the logical subject to the front  50-51
Chapter Six CONCLUSION  51-53
  6.1 Findings of the research  51
  6.2 Limitations of the research  51
  6.3 Suggestions for further research  51-53
Acknowledgements  53-54
References  54-57
Appendix  57

汉语主题显著句的英译研究

内容摘要

全文目录

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