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顺应—关联模式视角下美国总统演说中的政治委婉语研究

作　者: 吴宏丽
导　师: 黄学军
学　校: 西南大学
专　业: 英语语言文学
关键词: 顺应-关联模式政治委婉语美国总统演说
分类号: H313
类　型: 硕士论文
年　份: 2009年
下　载: 697次
引　用: 4次
阅　读: 论文下载

内容摘要

国内外对于委婉语的研究深入透彻,各派理论也在这一研究中大放异彩。但是作为委婉语分支的政治委婉语的相关研究却是远远不足。国内外真正全面深入研究者甚少,已有的研究多局限于其应用以及交际原则上,而对于其具体生成和理解机制的研究却鲜有问津,换言之,现有的政治委婉语研究欠缺理论支持。有鉴于此,本文在冉永平(2004)提出的顺应-关联模式基础上,针对21世纪美国总统演说中的政治委婉语进行了尝试性分析。该模式认为话语交际是一个顺应语境因素为实现最佳关联而不断做出语言选择的过程。它主要包括以下观点:话语交际是以关联性为前提的;交际的关联假设决定其语言选择;话语交际过程是一个语境因素和语言结构相互顺应的过程;顺应关联是一个策略选择的过程。在顺应-关联模式的指导下,本文从以下四个方面分析了21世纪美国总统演说中的政治委婉语:1.政治委婉语的使用是以关联为目的的;2.政治委婉语的使用是一个语言结构和相关语境相互顺应的过程;3.关联假设决定美国总统演说中不同政治委婉语的使用选择;4.美国总统演说中政治委婉语的策略选择。本文以十篇美国总统演说词为语料,以顺应-关联模式为理论框架,分析了美国总统演说中政治委婉语的生成和理解过程,描述了语境因素(心理语境、社交语境和物质语境)对相关政治委婉语选择的影响,阐释了美国总统如何使用相应的委婉语策略以吸引民众注意力并说服民众接受他们的观点。这一研究不仅解释了政治委婉语的生成和理解过程,发展了政治委婉语的研究,也再一次证明了顺应-关联模式的适用性和解释力。此外,所选语料均来自于21世纪美国总统演说词,这样的研究也有利于人们熟悉现代美国政治家的交际策略,更好地了解美国政治。

全文目录

Acknowledgements  4-8
Abstract  8-10
内容摘要  10-12
Chapter One Introduction  12-17
  1.1 Background of the Study  12-13
  1.2 Significance of the Study  13-14
  1.3 Data Collection and Research Methodology  14-16
    1.3.1 Corpus of Data  14-15
    1.3.2 Research Methodology and Procedures  15-16
  1.4 Organization of the Thesis  16-17
Chapter Two Literature Review  17-28
  2.1 An Overview of Political Euphemism  17-23
    2.1.1 Definition and Motivation of Political Euphemism  18
    2.1.2 Constitution of Political Euphemism  18-21
      2.1.2.1 Abstraction  19
      2.1.2.2 Substitution  19-20
      2.1.2.3 Understatement  20
      2.1.2.4 Metaphor  20
      2.1.2.5 Periphrasis(Circumlocution)  20-21
    2.1.3 Functions of Political Euphemism  21-23
      2.1.3.1 Functions of Political Euphemism in Internal Relations  21-22
      2.1.3.2 Functions of Political Euphemism in International Relations  22-23
  2.2 Previous Studies on Political Euphemism  23-27
    2.2.1 Studies on Political Euphemism Abroad  23-25
    2.2.2 Studies on Political Euphemism in China  25-27
  2.3 Problems in Previous Studies of Political Euphemism  27-28
Chapter Three Theoretical Framework:Adaptation-Relevance Model  28-41
  3.1 Relevance Theory  28-30
  3.2 Adaptation Theory  30-32
  3.3 Theoretical Framework:Adaptation-Relevance Model  32-39
    3.3.1 The Notion of "context" in the Model  34-35
    3.3.2 Main Arguments of Adaptation-Relevance Model  35-39
      3.3.2.1 Communication as Relevance-oriented  35-36
      3.3.2.2 Adaptation-Relevance:Interadaptation Between Linguistic Choices and Contextual Choices  36-37
      3.3.2.3 The Presumption of Relevance:Deciding Choices of a Particular Utterance  37
      3.3.2.4 The Adaptation-Relevance:Strategy-Choosing  37-39
  3.4 The Main Claims of Adaptation-Relevance Model in Present Study  39-41
Chapter Four Political Euphemism in American Presidential Speeches from the Perspective of Adaptation-Relevance Model  41-65
  4.1 A General Introduction to American Presidential Speech  41-44
    4.1.1 Political Speech  41-42
    4.1.2 American Presidential Speeches in Present Study  42-44
  4.2 An Analysis of Political Euphemism in American Presidential Speeches from the Perspective of Adaptation-Relevance Model  44-64
    4.2.1 The Use of Political Euphemism as Relevance-oriented  44-48
    4.2.2 The Use of Political Euphemism as a Process of Inter-adaptation Between Contextual Correlates and Linguistic Choices  48-56
      4.2.2.1 Political Euphemism as Adapted to Mental World:Motivation  48-50
      4.2.2.2 Political Euphemism as Adapted to Social World:Culture  50-54
      4.2.2.3 Political Euphemism as Adapted to Physical World:Diachronic Change  54-56
    4.2.3 The Presumption of Relevance Deciding the Choice-making of Political Euphemism in American Presidential Speeches  56-58
    4.2.4 Strategy-choosing in American Presidential Speeches  58-64
      4.2.4.1 Abstraction  59-60
      4.2.4.2 Understatement  60-61
      4.2.4.3 Substitution  61-62
      4.2.4.4 Metaphor  62-63
      4.2.4.5 Circumlocution  63-64
  4.3 Summary  64-65
Chapter Five Conclusion  65-68
  5.1 Major Findings of the Study  65-66
  5.2 Limitations of the Study  66
  5.3 Suggestions for Further Study  66-68
Bibliography  68-71

顺应—关联模式视角下美国总统演说中的政治委婉语研究

内容摘要

全文目录

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