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词义引申的认知机制及其对英语词典编纂的启示

作　者: 常亮
导　师: 王仁强
学　校: 四川外语学院
专　业: 英语语言文学
关键词: 多义现象认知机制动物词项词典学实证研究
分类号: H03
类　型: 硕士论文
年　份: 2010年
下　载: 187次
引　用: 0次
阅　读: 论文下载

内容摘要

认知语言学研究表明隐喻、转喻认知方式对多义扩展有很强的解释力,但这些研究仅限于个案研究和词汇多义性研究,而从认知的角度对动物词项进行研究的更是少之又少。由于人类的许多行为都可以从动物行为通过隐喻转喻的方式来理解,我们有必要从动物词项入手来探讨词义引申的认知机制。此外,多义现象同样是词典编纂学研究的重点与难点,而语言学研究与词典学研究形成互补之势。本文以认知语言学范畴化理论、隐喻转喻理论及功能语言学的语法隐喻理论等作为多义引申机制研究的理论基础,以《麦克米伦高阶英语词典(2002英语版)》中所有动物词项为研究材料,以《牛津词典(1989)》,“英国国家语料库”等为研究工具,并将本研究所取得的成果运用到词典编纂实践,做到理论与实践的有机结合。研究发现:(1)多义动物词项以词汇隐喻,词汇转喻以及语法转喻等认知机制实现意义引申;(2 ) Radden & K?vecses (1999)对转喻类型的分类并非穷尽,尚有其他类型的转喻;(3)高频词以及有显著特征的词项更易发生多义引申现象。(4)认知语言学理论对英语学习词典的编纂有一定的启示作用。本文在认知语言学框架内对词类多义引申机制进行了理论构建,并通过对所选材料进行系统性、穷进性的分析验证了其对多义引申机制的解释力。本研究结果对英语词典编纂有一定的启示作用,如在英语学习词典中多义词各义项的区分与安排,释义风格等方面有积极的指导作用。

全文目录

摘要  4-5
Abstract  5-6
Acknowledgements  6-11
Chapter One Introduction  11-16
  1.1 Rationale for the Research  11-13
  1.2 Objectives of the Research  13-14
  1.3 Layout of the Thesis  14-16
Chapter Two Literature Review  16-26
  2.1 Study of Polysemy before Cognitive Approach  16-20
    2.1.1 Naming Theory  16
    2.1.2 Componential Analysis Approach  16-18
    2.1.3 Historical Comparative Linguistics  18-19
    2.1.4 Semantic Field Theory  19
    2.1.5 Limitations of the Study of Polysemy before Cognitive Approach  19-20
  2.2 Cognitive Study of Polysemy  20-23
    2.2.1 A Brief Survey of Cognitive Linguistics  21
    2.2.2 Related Studies in English  21-23
  2.3 Study of Polysemous Animal Words  23-24
  2.4 Summary  24-26
Chapter Three Theoretical Framework  26-38
  3.1 Categories in Mind and Language  26-27
  3.2 Category Shift in Lexicon  27-32
    3.2.1 Conceptual Metaphor  28-29
    3.2.2 Conceptual Metonymy  29-32
  3.3 Category Shift in Grammar  32-36
    3.3.1 Grammatical Metaphor  33-34
    3.3.2 Grammatical Metonymy  34-35
    3.3.3 Grammaticalization  35-36
  3.4 Summary  36-38
Chapter Four Methodology  38-45
  4.1 Explanation of the Selection of English Animal Lexemes from MEDAL  38-40
  4.2 Instruments Used in the Study  40-41
  4.3 Data Collection  41-43
    4.3.1 The Exclusion of Homonyms  41-42
    4.3.2 The Exclusion of Non-animal Lexemes  42-43
    4.3.3 The Exclusion of Derivational Lexemes  43
  4.4 Plan of the Research  43-45
Chapter Five Results and Discussion  45-60
  5.1 Study of English Polysemous Animal Lexemes from MEDAL in which Conversion Is Not Involved  45-49
    5.1.1 Conceptual Metonymy as a Means of Semantic Extension  45-47
    5.1.2 Conceptual Metaphor as A Means of Semantic Extension  47-49
  5.2 Study of Polysemous Animal Lexemes from MEDAL in which Conversion Is involved (Grammatical Metonymy as A Means of Semantic Extension)  49-51
  5.3 A Case Study of Fish  51-55
  5.4 New Types of Metonymy  55-57
  5.5 Polysemy and Word Frequency  57-59
  5.6 Summary  59-60
Chapter Six Implications for English Lexicography  60-72
  6.1 The Organization of Definitional Information  61-66
  6.2 Definitional Style  66-69
  6.3 Sense Order  69-70
  6.4 Summary  70-72
Chapter Seven Conclusion  72-75
  7.1 Major Findings and Implications of the Research  72-73
  7.2 Limitations of the Research and Suggestions for Further Study  73-75
References  75-84
Appendix1: Entries of Polysemous Animal Lexemes from MEDAL  84-98
Appendix2: Animal Lexemes and Their Frequency  98-102

词义引申的认知机制及其对英语词典编纂的启示

内容摘要

全文目录

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