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公示语汉英翻译研究

作　者: 王瑞
导　师: 刘典忠
学　校: 中国石油大学
专　业: 英语语言文学
关键词: 公示语 汉英翻译 语义翻译和交际翻译 翻译原则
分类号: H315.9
类　型: 硕士论文
年　份: 2008年
下　载: 826次
引　用: 3次
阅　读: 论文下载
 

内容摘要


纵观城市公示语的汉英翻译,大多存在着不少问题,除了由于粗心大意造成的拼写错误和语法错误以外,还存在冗长、不统一、晦涩难懂等问题。然而,随着改革开放以来我国在各个领域取得了众所周知的成就,我国已经并且即将举办越来越多的重大国际性的政治、经济和文化活动。北京于2008年将举办奥运会,上海也将于2010年举办世界博览会。为了树立我国良好的国际形象,不断规范和完善城市公示语的翻译成为了一项亟待完成的工作。在这样的背景下,作者对公示语及其汉英翻译进行了初步探索,目的是提出公示语汉英翻译的一些原则。在阐明与公示语相关的一系列概念、功能特色和语言风格的基础上,本文通过对比纽马克的语义翻译和交际翻译以及其与文本分类的关系,试探性地提出了公示语汉英翻译三原则:简洁、统一和易懂。“简洁”原则强调英译文语言的简明扼要。“统一”原则包含三层含义:1)与英语国家现成惯用的公示语的统一,英译可以采用“拿来主义”;2)与已经沿用至今且被广泛接受的译名的统一;3)与权威的官方网站,辞典和报刊的统一。“易懂”原则是指英译文的可读性,能被外国读者理解,尽量避免中式英语和翻译腔。在提出公示语汉英翻译原则之后,本文选取了大量经典译例,分析了这些译例中的不足,然后提供了改译译文,旨在通过比较来证明这三条原则对公示语汉英翻译的理论知道意义。

全文目录


Abstract  4-6
摘要  6-10
Introduction  10-12
Chapter 1 An Overview of Public Signs  12-21
  1.1 Definition of Public Signs  12
    1.1.1 Definition of Sign in English  12
    1.1.2 Definition of Public Signs in Chinese  12
  1.2 Classifications of Public Signs  12-17
    1.2.1 Classification from the Perspective of Function  13-15
      1.2.1.1 Directing  13
      1.2.1.2 Prompting  13-14
      1.2.1.3 Restricting  14
      1.2.1.4 Compelling  14-15
    1.2.2 Classification from the Perspective of Information State  15
      1.2.2.1 Static Meanings of Public Signs  15
      1.2.2.2 Dynamic Meanings of Public Signs  15
    1.2.3 Classifications from the Perspective of Social Application  15-17
      1.2.3.1 Security  16
      1.2.3.2 Traffic  16
      1.2.3.3 Tourism and Public Facilities  16-17
      1.2.3.4 Names of Institutions  17
      1.2.3.5 Notification  17
  1.3 Features of Public Signs  17-21
    1.3.1 Conciseness  17-18
    1.3.2 Directness  18
    1.3.3 Suitable Mood  18-19
      1.3.3.1 Directing Mood  18-19
      1.3.3.2 Prompting Mood  19
      1.3.3.3 Restricting Mood  19
      1.3.3.4 Compelling Mood  19
    1.3.4 Letters Combined with Pictures  19-20
    1.3.5 Capitalization of English Pubic Signs  20-21
Chapter 2 Common Problems in the Chinese-English Translation of Public Signs  21-33
  2.1 Errors in the Linguistic Aspect  21-29
    2.1.1 Spelling Mistakes  22-24
      2.1.1.1 Wrong spellings  22-23
      2.1.1.2 Misspelling of Capital Letters  23-24
    2.1.2 Grammatical Mistakes  24-26
    2.1.3 Lexical Errors  26-29
      2.1.3.1 Pseudo-equivalents  26-27
      2.1.3.2 Lexical Redundancy  27-29
  2.2 Errors in the Cultural Aspect  29-33
    2.2.1 Chinglish  29-30
    2.2.2 Harsh Mood  30-31
    2.2.3 Misunderstanding and Misusing Words with Different Cultural Connotations  31-33
Chapter 3 Semantic and Communicative Translation Theory  33-51
  3.1 An Overview of Semantic and Communicative Translation Theory  33-49
    3.1.1 Background of Communicative Translation and Semantic Translation  33-34
    3.1.2 The Definitions of Communicative Translation and Semantic Translation  34
    3.1.3 Communicative Translation and Semantic Translation Vs. Other Translation Methods  34-37
    3.1.4 Comparison Between Communicative Translation and Semantic Translation  37-41
      3.1.4.1 Differences Between Communicative Translation and Semantic Translation  37-40
      3.1.4.2 Similarities Between Communicative Translation and Semantic Translation  40-41
    3.1.5 Development of Communicative Translation and Semantic Translation  41-42
    3.1.6 Communicative Translation & Semantic Translation and Text Typology  42-49
      3.1.6.1 Text Typology and Translation Methods  43
      3.1.6.2 Development of Text Typology  43-44
      3.1.6.3 Communicative Translation & Semantic Translation and Text Typology  44-47
      3.1.6.4 Using Communicative Translation and Semantic Translation to Handle Text-type Hybridization  47-49
  3.2 The Application of Communicative and Semantic Translation Theory to the Chinese-English Translation of Public Signs  49-51
    3.2.1 The Text Type of Public Signs—Vocative Text  49
    3.2.2 The Guidance to the Chinese-English Translation of Public Signs—Communicative Translation  49-51
Chapter 4 The Principles of Chinese-English Translation of Public Signs  51-72
  4.1 Conciseness  51-57
    4.1.1 Reasons for the Establishment of Conciseness Principle  51-52
    4.1.2 Necessity and Feasibility of Conciseness Principle  52-57
      4.1.2.1 Translating Billboards  52-53
      4.1.2.2 Translating Slogans  53-54
      4.1.2.3 Translating Directing Boards  54-55
      4.1.2.4 Translating Tourist Briefings  55-57
  4.2 Consistency  57-66
    4.2.1 Reasons for the Establishment of Consistency Principle  58
    4.2.2 Necessity and Feasibility of Consistency Principle  58-66
      4.2.2.1 Consistent with Idiomatic Expressions in English-Speaking Countries  58-61
      4.2.2.2 Consistent with the Fixed Translated Names or Terms  61-65
        4.2.2.2.1 Translating the Names Including Historic Significance  63
        4.2.2.2.2 Translating the Names of Hotels  63-64
        4.2.2.2.3 Translating the Names of Overseas Companies in China  64
        4.2.2.2.4 Translating the Names of Roads and Streets  64-65
      4.2.2.3 Consistent with the Official Websites, Dictionaries and Newspapers  65-66
  4.3 Comprehensibility  66-72
    4.3.1 Reasons for the Establishment of Comprehensibility Principle  66-67
    4.3.2 Necessity and Feasibility of Comprehensibility Principle  67-72
      4.3.2.1 Translating Without Real Understanding  67-68
      4.3.2.2 Translating Without a Knowledge of China‘s National Conditions  68-69
      4.3.2.3 Translating Without an Awareness of Semantic Differences  69
      4.3.2.4 Translation Failing to Address Pragmatic Meaning  69-70
      4.3.2.5 Translation Too Exaggerating to Be Acceptable  70-72
Conclusion  72-74
Bibliography  74-77
Acknowledgements  77

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