学位论文 > 优秀研究生学位论文题录展示

烟秆碎料板的研制

作 者: 寻觅
导 师: 徐剑莹
学 校: 中南林业科技大学
专 业: 木材科学与技术
关键词: tobacco stem wood structure and quality DSC analysis technical parameters binderless particleboard bonding mechanism
分类号: TS653
类 型: 硕士论文
年 份: 2009年
下 载: 29次
引 用: 1次
阅 读: 论文下载
 

内容摘要


Nowadays,marerials, energy and information technology are recognized to be the three pillars of modern civilization by the international community. China has also attached importance to these three pillars increasingly. However, contradiction between wood supply and demand is getting more and more obvious in China as we are one of countries lacking of forest resource, thus saving existing wood, developing new wood and exploring replacements of wooden products will be long-term main trend for China’s wood industry. Tobacco stems is a new raw material. As an agricultural residues, using tobacco stems to product wood-based panel will not only resolve the environmental problems from burning of stems, but also relieve the difficulties of getting flakeboard raw materials. Besides, making use of tobacco stems will increase the income of the farmers. Therefore, it has good social benefits, economic benefits and ecological benefits.In this paper, the study of materials through the wooden structure on Tobacco stems observation, fiber morphology and chemical composition determination, comparison between other non-wood plant and tobacco stems, and considered tobacco stems’ feasibility of flakeboard as a raw material. The test of the average length of fiber is 0.8 to 1.2mm, the average width of the fiber is 25 to 35μm, so it is suited to be wood-based panel material in non-wood plant. The results showed that Tobacco stems chemical composition of the ashy substance content 5.01 percent, cold-water extract content 10.52 percent, hot-water extract content 14.17 percent,1 percent sodium hydroxide extract content 38.19 percent, benzyl extract content 3.21 percent, lignin content 18.63 percent, poly-pen-tose content 17.92 percent, and comprehensive cellulose content 78.2 percent. Considering all the various angles, Tobacco stems is more suitable for the production of flakeboard compared with other common non-wood plant raw materials.By differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)to study the amount of curing agent for urea-formaldehyde resin(UF) curing process, as well as tobacco stems and wood fiber mixing ratio of the urea-formaldehyde resin on the impact of curing. In this experiment, the use of adhesive, by adding NH4Cl and not for the reinforcement of the UF compared to thermal response curve significantly different. The reason is that the accession NH4Cl, with the UF in the hydroxymethyl response form-hexamine, hydrochloric acid and water, thereby reducing the PH value of the UF resin to cure faster. When the chlorid content of 1.5%, the lowest temperature curing. When tobacco stems/wood fiber mixed at 1:3 ratio, UF resin became greatest change, followed by the ratio of 4:0,0:4,3:1 situation, and when the tobacco stem/wood fiber mixed at 1:1, UF resin changed the least.Using orthogonal design of the tobacco stem and wood shaving particleboard pressing the main process parameters to conduct studies on the various process parameters on the physical and mechanical properties of sheet impact. According to orthogonal test, tobacco stem and wood shaving particleboard optimum process parameters as follows:pressing time 5min; sizing volume 11%;density 0.85 g/cm3;adding wood shaving ratio 75%. The results showed that the particleboard under the optimum process parameters can obtain national standards in MOR and IB, in addition to TS.Using multi-level single-factor test to explore the better tobacco stem binderless particleboard process parameters and analyze the effects of board density, hot pressing temperature, moisture content of the raw materials, and pre-treatment methods on the particleboard properties. The result showed that the tobacco stem binderless particleboard with 6mm thickness and density of 0.85g/cm, produced under the conditions of particle moisture content(MC) 25%, hot-pressing temperature 190℃, pressure 5 MPa and hot-pressing time 7 minutes, can meet the requirements of JIS A 5908 standards at the aspects of modulus of rupture(MOR), internal bonding strength(IB) and thickness swelling rate of water absorption(TS). Compared with other binderless particleboard, tobacco stem binderless particleboard has high internal bonding strength. Besides, the result show that high temperature steam and steam injection treatment can improve the performance of binderless particleboard.

全文目录


ABSTRACT  4-9
1 文献综述  9-22
  1.1 拓宽我国人造板资源的意义  9-11
    1.1.1 我国人造板工业的发展现状  9-10
    1.1.2 我国秸秆资源及利用现状  10-11
  1.2 农作物秸秆人造板的发展与现状  11-15
    1.2.1 国内外农作物秸秆人造板的发展情况  11-13
    1.2.2 我国农作物秸秆人造板的发展前景  13-14
    1.2.3 我国秸秆人造板的种类  14-15
  1.3 烟秆的研究及应用  15-17
  1.4 无胶人造板的研究  17-20
    1.4.1 无胶制板工艺的意义  18
    1.4.2 无胶人造板的研究方法及研究成果  18-20
  1.5 课题的主要研究内容  20-22
2 烟秆原料特性分析  22-28
  2.1 试验方法  22
  2.2 材性分析  22-27
    2.2.1 宏观构造特性  23
    2.2.2 微观构造特性  23
    2.2.3 纤维形态特性  23-24
    2.2.4 化学成分特性  24-27
  2.3 小结  27-28
3 烟秆/木材混合比与脲醛树脂之间的热反应特征研究  28-33
  3.1 试验材料与方法  29
    3.1.1 试验材料与设备  29
    3.1.2 试验设备  29
    3.1.3 试验方法  29
  3.2 试验条件  29
  3.3 结果与分析  29-32
  3.4 小结  32-33
4 烟秆/木材碎料板制板工艺的研究  33-44
  4.1 试验材料和设备  33-34
    4.1.1 试验材料  33-34
    4.1.2 试验设备  34
  4.2 试验与检测方法  34-37
    4.2.1 试验方法  34-36
    4.2.2 性能检测  36-37
      4.2.2.1 检测项目和方法  36
      4.2.2.2 试件制作  36-37
  4.3 试验结果与分析  37-41
    4.3.1 纯烟秆碎料板各项力学性能测定  37
    4.3.2 正交试验结果  37
    4.3.3 正交试验结果分析  37
    4.3.4 试验因素及水平对板材性能的影响  37-41
  4.4 最佳热压工艺参数确定及其验证实验  41-42
    4.4.1 最佳热压工艺参数确定  41-42
    4.4.2 验证试验  42
  4.5 小结  42-44
5 主要工艺参数对烟秆无胶碎料板性能的影响  44-58
  5.1 试验材料和设备  44
  5.2 工艺探索试验  44-46
    5.2.1 试验方法  44-46
    5.2.2 性能检测  46
  5.3 主要工艺参数对板材性能的影响  46-54
    5.3.1 密度对板材性能的影响  47-48
    5.3.2 热压温度对板材性能的影响  48-49
    5.3.3 碎料含水率对板材性能的影响  49-51
    5.3.4 碎料预处理对板材性能的影响  51-54
  5.4 无胶胶合机理的初步探讨  54-56
  5.5 小结  56-58
6 结论  58-60
  6.1 烟秆的微观构造、纤维形态和化学成分  58
  6.2 烟秆/木材混合比与UF树脂的热反应研究  58
  6.3 烟秆/木材碎料板制板工艺的研究  58-59
  6.4 烟秆无胶碎料板制板工艺的研究  59-60
参考文献  60-65
攻读硕士学位期间的主要学术成果  65-66
致谢  66

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