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立场副词的口语用法在英语高阶学习词典中的处理

作　者: 臧利娟
导　师: 田兵
学　校: 陕西师范大学
专　业: 英语语言文学
关键词: 语境理论立场副词口语用法英语高阶学习词典
分类号: H314
类　型: 硕士论文
年　份: 2011年
下　载: 36次
引　用: 0次
阅　读: 论文下载

内容摘要

语言是人类相互交流的主要工具,人们通过语言来完成交际、信息交流和情感表达等行为。人们交流的环境构成了一个特定的语境,这种语境往往能够影响言语交际者的思想、言语、话语选择等。立场副词(stance adverbs)是副词的一个子类,在口语中常用来表明说话者的观点、态度、说话方式等。英语高阶学习词典是确定词义和单词用法的一种主要工具。这类词典对立场副词的口语用法处理得是否合理,将直接影响到学习者言语交际能否顺利进行以及后效如何。因此,本文试从语境理论视角来讨论立场副词(stance adverbs)的口语用法在英语高阶学习词典中是如何处理的,并以《朗文当代英语辞典》(第三版)(简称为LDOCE3)为蓝本,与《科林斯合作高阶学习词典》(第四版)(简称为COBUILD4)、《牛津高阶学习词典》(第七版)(简称为OALD7)作对比研究,以找出COBUILD4和OALD7的不足并提出修改建议,以期对今后的词典编纂有所启示。本论文探讨的主要问题如下：(1)什么是立场副词?本文所采用的语境理论和立场副词的观点是什么?(2)立场副词的口语用法在LDOCE3, COBUILD4和OALD7中是如何处理的?(3)认识性立场副词,又为立场副词的一个子类,其口语用法是三类立场副词中最多的。那么是否所有的认识性立场副词的口语用法处理方式的数量在LDOCE3, COBUILD4和OALD7中同样多呢?(4)对于认识性立场副词的口语用法处理,从LDOCE3中我们可以得出什么启示?本文的主要研究结果总结如下：首先,本文在回顾了研究者们对语境理论和立场副词的研究之后,界定了本文要采用的语境理论,即维索尔论的语境观中的交际语境。交际语境包括了语言使用者、心理世界、社交世界和物理世界四个要素。本文给出了立场副词的定义,并采纳了Biber等对立场副词的分类标准,即将立场副词从语义视角划分为三类：认识性立场副词、态度立场副词和方式立场副词。而后阐述了语境与立场副词的关系,提出：语境能够解释立场副词的意义,消除歧义；语境制约立场副词的选择和使用。其次,对立场副词口语用法的处理方式三部词典异同参半。LDOCE3涉及释义、会话例证、标签、口头表达语、用法说明、及词频等六种；COBUILD 4涉及释义、会话例证、标签、词频等四种；OALD7涉及释义、会话例证、标签、补充说明、词语辨析等五种。第三,通过对比研究,我们得出一些更加具体的结论。1)虽然总体来说,LDOCE3对立场副词口语用法的处理方式最多,但并不是对三类立场副词中每一类的处理方式都是最多的。因此,本文将三本词典对三类立场副词口语用法处理做了对比,得出的分析结果表明：对于三类立场副词,LDOCE3和OALD7中对认识性立场副词的处理方式最多,对态度立场副词的处理方式最少；但在COBUILD4中三类立场副词的处理方式是一样的。2)第一种对比已经说明认识性立场副词口语用法的处理方式在三本词典中是最多的,那么是不是所有的认识性立场副词在三本词典中都被给予了同样多的处理方式呢?为了证明这一观点,笔者抽样了10个词条做对比分析,并且从量的方面和处理方式方面对此对比进行了分析,分析表明COBUILD4和OALD7无论在量上还是处理方式上都不及LDOCE3。第四,对比分析的结果表明我们有必要对COBUILD4和OALD7提出一些改进建议,这些建议仍是从量的方面和处理方式方面提出的。总之,本论文通过对立场副词的口语用法处理做的一个尝试性研究,希望能够启发更多的研究者继续对立场副词进行深入的研究。同时,也希望英语高阶学习词典能够重视对立场副词的处理方式,无论是口语用法还是书面语用法的处理方式。最后本文希望对COBUILD4和OALD7提出的修改建议,能为今后的词典编纂或英语教学提供些许帮助,以期在词典编纂中提供更多供学习者学习和交流的信息。

全文目录

Acknowledgements  4-5
Abstract  5-8
摘要  8-17
Chapter 1 Introduction  17-21
  1.1 Rationale for the present research  17-18
  1.2 Research questions  18-19
  1.3 Research methodology  19
  1.4 Outline of the thesis  19-21
Chapter 2 Literature Review on Context and Stance Adverbs  21-29
  2.1 Introduction  21
  2.2 Previous research on context  21-23
    2.2.1 Previous research on context abroad  21-22
    2.2.2 Previous research on context at home  22-23
  2.3 Previous research on stance adverbs  23-26
    2.3.1 Previous research on stance adverbs abroad  24-25
    2.3.2 Previous research on stance adverbs at home  25-26
  2.4 Views on context and stance adverbs taken in this thesis  26-28
    2.4.1 Views on context taken in this thesis  26-27
    2.4.2 Views on stance adverbs taken in this thesis  27-28
  2.5 Summary  28-29
Chapter 3 Relations between Context and Stance Adverbs  29-35
  3.1 Introduction  29
  3.2 Categories of stance adverbs  29-31
    3.2.1 Epistemic stance adverbs  29-30
    3.2.2 Attitude stance adverbs  30
    3.2.3 Style stance adverbs  30-31
  3.3 Relations between context and stance adverbs  31-34
    3.3.1 Relations between contextual meaning and lexicographical meaning  31-32
    3.3.2 Meanings of stance adverbs  32-33
    3.3.3 Relations between context and stance adverbs  33-34
  3.4 Summary  34-35
Chapter 4 Means of Spoken Usage Treatment of Stance Adverbs in English ALDs  35-53
  4.1 Introduction  35
  4.2 Means of spoken usage treatment of stance adverbs in LDOCE_3  35-42
    4.2.1 The treatment of epistemic stance adverbs in LDOCE_3  36-40
      4.2.1.1 Definition  36-37
      4.2.1.2 Conversational examples  37
      4.2.1.3 Labels  37-38
      4.2.1.4 Spoken phrases  38-39
      4.2.1.5 Usage note  39
      4.2.1.6 Frequency  39-40
    4.2.2 The treatment of attitude stance adverbs in LDOCE_3  40-41
      4.2.2.1 Definition  41
      4.2.2.2 Examples  41
    4.2.3 The treatment of style stance adverbs in LDOCE_3  41-42
      4.2.3.1 Definition  41
      4.2.3.2 Examples  41-42
      4.2.3.3 Labels  42
  4.3 Means of spoken usage treatment of stance adverbs in COBUILD_4  42-47
    4.3.1 The treatment of epistemic stance adverbs in COBUILD_4  43-45
      4.3.1.1 Definition  43-44
      4.3.1.2 Conversational examples  44
      4.3.1.3 Labels  44-45
      4.3.1.4 Frequency  45
    4.3.2 The treatment of attitude stance adverbs in COBUILD_4  45-46
      4.3.2.1 Definition  45-46
      4.3.2.2 Examples  46
      4.3.2.3 Labels  46
      4.3.2.4 Frequency  46
    4.3.3 The treatment of style stance adverbs in COBUILD_4  46-47
      4.3.3.1 Definition  46
      4.3.3.2 Examples  46-47
      4.3.3.3 Labels  47
      4.3.3.4 Frequency  47
  4.4 Means of spoken usage treatment of stance adverbs in OALD_7  47-51
    4.4.1 The treatment of epistemic stance adverbs in OALD_7  48-50
      4.4.1.1 Definition  49
      4.4.1.2 Conversational examples  49
      4.4.1.3 Labels  49
      4.4.1.4 More about  49
      4.4.1.5 Which word  49-50
    4.4.2 The treatment of attitude stance adverbs in OALD_7  50
      4.4.2.1 Definition  50
      4.4.2.2 Examples  50
    4.4.3 The treatment of style stance adverbs in OALD_7  50-51
      4.4.3.1 Definition  51
      4.4.3.2 Examples  51
      4.4.3.3 Labels  51
  4.5 Summary  51-53
Chapter 5 Contrastive Analysis of Spoken Usage Treatment of Stance Adverbs in English ALDs  53-59
  5.1 Introduction  53
  5.2 Contrastive analysis of spoken usage treatment of stance adverbs in threeEnglish ALDs  53-55
    5.2.1 The contrast  53-54
    5.2.2 The analysis  54-55
  5.3 Comparison of spoken usage treatment of epistemic stance adverbs in threeEnglish ALDs  55-57
    5.3.1 The comparison  55
    5.3.2 The analysis  55-57
  5.4 Implications and suggestions for COBUILD4 and OALD7  57-58
  5.5 Summary  58-59
Chapter 6 Conclusions  59-64
  6.1 Major findings of present study  59-61
  6.2 Innovations and limitations  61-62
  6.3 Suggestions for further research  62-64
References  64-67
Papers Published during 2008-2011  67

立场副词的口语用法在英语高阶学习词典中的处理

内容摘要

全文目录

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