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电动汽车制动过程中动力学分析与能量回馈系统设计

作　者: 张子建
导　师: 郑亮；徐国卿；李卫民
学　校: 哈尔滨工业大学
专　业: 力学
关键词: 回馈制动制动力分配模糊算法控制器 ADVISOR 硬件在环仿真系统
分类号: U463.5
类　型: 硕士论文
年　份: 2010年
下　载: 248次
引　用: 1次
阅　读: 论文下载

内容摘要

电动汽车可以解决由传统燃油汽车引起的能源短缺和环境污染问题。回馈制动是现阶段解决纯电动汽车发展瓶颈之一：一次充电续驶里程短的有效手段，同时，还可以提高电动汽车能量利用率，减少环境污染。本文对纯电动汽车的回馈制动进行了研究，对制动过程中的车辆进行了动力学分析，取得了如下创新性的结果：（1）本文对电动汽车制动过程中的动力学进行了分析，并结合最优制动力分配曲线，重新分配了前后轮制动力和机电制动力的比例。（2）设计了一款基于模糊规则的控制器，此控制器以驾驶员需求、车速、电池SOC和温度作为输入，以电制动力作为输出，用以保证车辆制动安全性、稳定性和电池安全。（3）对本中提出的算法设计了算法控制流程，运用MATLAB/SIMULINK对算法进行了编译，并将编译文件导入汽车专用仿真软件ADVISOR进行了仿真。（4）运用流体力学分析了制动油管的力学特性，设计了一款制动力分配阀，此阀可以实现前后轮、机电制动力按任意比例分配。（5）结合算法和机械结构设计了硬件电路，各模块均可实现电磁兼容，设计了硬件在环仿真系统，对硬件电路进行测试，缩短了整车控制器的开发周期。通过软件测试，本文提出的控制算法可以按照最优制动力分配规则进行前后轮制动力和机电制动力的分配，车辆的制动安全性、稳定性和舒适性以及电池安全性得到有效保障，车辆的能量利用率整体提高10%左右，从而可以有效地延长电动汽车一次充电续驶里程。

全文目录

摘要  4-5
ABSTRACT  5-7
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS  7-14
LIST OF TABLES  14-15
LIST OF FIGURES  15-19
1. INTRODUCTION  19-30
  1.1 Significance of developing electric vehicle  19-21
  1.2 Significance of research on the regenerative braking  21-22
  1.3 Current research situation of the regenerative braking  22-28
    1.3.1 Situation of research on braking force distribution regulation  22-23
    1.3.2 Control logic used in the field of regenerative braking  23-25
    1.3.3 Simulation tools  25-26
    1.3.4 Mechanical structure—force distribution valve  26-28
  1.4 Research contents of the paper  28-30
    1.4.1 Do improvement in the force distribution regulation  28
    1.4.2 Design the fuzzy control logic controller  28
    1.4.3 Simulaiton  28
    1.4.4 Mechanical design—force distribution valve  28-29
    1.4.5 Design the hardware and simulate in-the-loop  29-30
2. FORCFORCE DISTRIBUTION REGULAITON  30-44
  2.1 Dynamic analysis of the vehicle in the process of braking  30-32
  2.2 Basement of the force distribution regulation  32-34
  2.3 Distribute forces between the front and the rear wheels according to themotor braking force  34-43
    2.3.1 When the F curve and the ECE curve are tangent or disjoint  35-38
    2.3.2 When the F curve and the ECE curve are tangent or disjoint  38-43
  2.4 Conclusion of the chapter  43-44
    2.4.1 Innovation points  43
    2.4.2 Work I have done  43-44
3. DESIGN THE MOTOR FORCE CALCULATION CONTROLLER BASSEDON FUZZY LOGIC  44-55
  3.1 Introduction  44-46
  3.2 Problem formulation  46-47
  3.3 Structure of the regenerative braking force calculate controller and thecontrol strategy system  47-48
  3.4 Relationships between the influence factors and regenerative braking force  48-50
    3.4.1 The relationship between battery temperature and the regenerativebraking force  48-49
    3.4.2 The relationship between SOC and the regenerative braking force  49
    3.4.3 The relationship between vehicle speed and the regenerativebraking force  49
    3.4.4 The relationship between required braking force and theregenerative braking force  49-50
  3.5 Fuzzy logic variables and rules  50-54
    3.5.1 Input variables  50-51
    3.5.2 Output  51
    3.5.3 Fuzzy rules  51-54
  3.6 Conclusion of the chapter  54-55
    3.6.1 Innovation points  54
    3.6.2 Work I have done  54-55
4. SIMULATIOSIMULATION  55-68
  4.1 Tools: ADVISOR-vehicle simulation software  55
  4.2 Define a vehicle and driving cycle  55-59
    4.2.1 Drivetrain configuration of EV  55-56
    4.2.2 Componets of EV  56-58
    4.2.3 Driving cycle  58-59
  4.3 Modify the original modal  59-60
    4.3.1 Original modal  59-60
    4.3.2 Modified modal  60
  4.4 Simulation results  60-67
    4.4.1 Considering in the aspect of following the driving cycle  61-62
    4.4.2 Considering in the aspect of force  62-63
    4.4.3 Considering in the aspect of power  63-67
  4.5 Conclusion of the chapter  67-68
    4.5.1 Innovation points  67
    4.5.2 Work I have done  67-68
5. DESIGDESIGN THE FORCE DISTRIBUTION VALVE  68-77
  5.1 Brake combination valve  68-70
  5.2 Theoretical analysis based on hydromechanics  70-73
  5.3 Design force distribution valve  73-76
  5.4 Conclusion of the chapter  76-77
    5.4.1 Innovation points  76
    5.4.2 Work I have done  76-77
6. HARDWARHARDWARE DESIGN AND SIMULATION IN-THE-LOOP  77-91
  6.1 Choose suitable pressure sensor  77-78
    6.1.1 The maximum pressure  77
    6.1.2 Other parameters  77-78
  6.2 Design hardware circuits  78-85
    6.2.1 Selection CPU of the vehicle controller  78-79
    6.2.2 Design the circuits of the CAN ports  79-82
    6.2.3 Design the A/D convention circuits  82-83
    6.2.4 Design the D/A convention circuits  83-85
  6.3 Vehicle controller  85-86
  6.4 Hardware in-the-loop simulation  86-90
    6.4.1 Hardware in-the-Loop Simulation  86-88
    6.4.2 Design the hardware in-the-loop simulation system of the vehiclecontroller  88-90
  6.5 Conclusion of the chapter  90-91
    6.5.1 Innovation points  90
    6.5.2 Work I have done  90-91
7. CONCLUSION  91-94
  7.1 About the dissertation  91-93
    7.1.1 Innovation points  91-92
    7.1.2 Work I have done  92-93
    7.1.3 Achievements  93
  7.2 About the future research  93-94
REFERENCES  94-98
APPENDICES  98-99

电动汽车制动过程中动力学分析与能量回馈系统设计

内容摘要

全文目录

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