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太阳能热推进系统中吸热/推力室的流场及性能分析

作　者: 李星
导　师: 戴剑锋
学　校: 兰州理工大学
专　业: 凝聚态物理
关键词: Solar Thermal Propulsion Absorber/Thruster Specific Impulse Thrust Numerical Simulation
分类号: V439.6
类　型: 硕士论文
年　份: 2010年
下　载: 47次
引　用: 0次
阅　读: 论文下载

内容摘要

Solar thermal propulsion (STP) is a form of spacecraft propulsion that makes use of solar power to directly heat propellant, and does not require an electrical generator as most other forms of solar-powered propulsion do.Therefore, its structure is relatively simple and it has a high solar energy utilizing efficiency.Solar thermal propulsion has performance advantages of high specific impulse and moderate thrust levels.Consequently, solar thermal propulsion has the tremendously developmental potential to be the propulsion of to-be micro-satellites/nano-satellites and improve kinds of special mission levels.Solar thermal propulsion is mainly composed of solar concentrator, absorber/thruster and propellant supply system. Solar thermal propulsion is the utilization of concentrated Sunlight for the purposes of heating a propellant to high temperatures via a heat exchanger. The heated propellant is fed through a conventional rocket nozzle to produce thrust. Sunlight concentration is achieved via an optical concentrating system, such as a series of lenses or mirrors. This concentrated sunlight impinges on a blackbody cavity receiver, which is subsequently heated to high temperatures.A propellant feed system causes a monopropellant to flow around the cavity receiver where heat is exchanged from the receiver to the propellant.This paper simulated propellant flow of absorber/thruster of solar thermal propulsion system, such as flow distribution of hydrogen and flow distribution of ammonia. According to comparing simulant results with theoretical results, it is found that the results of simulation are in good agreement with ones of theory, which explains the rationality of nozzle structure, equal wall-temperature model and numeration method.At the same time, the factors influencing performance of STP system were analyzed, such as throat diameter, convergent half angle, divergent half angle and wall temperature.It has important meaning for the design and further research of STP.

全文目录

Abstract  8-9
第1章绪论  9-23
  1.1 太阳能热推进系统概述  9-13
    1.1.1 太阳能热推进概念的提出  9
    1.1.2 太阳能热推进系统组成及工作原理  9-10
    1.1.3 太阳能热推进技术研究的热点问题  10-13
  1.2 太阳能热推进系统中工质气体动力学研究进展  13-16
    1.2.1 工质的概念及特性  13-14
    1.2.2 工质氢气的动力学研究现状  14-15
    1.2.3 工质氨气的动力学研究现状  15-16
  1.3 高温气体动力学行为研究  16-21
    1.3.1 气体动力学的分类  16-17
    1.3.2 气体一维定常流动的应用  17-18
    1.3.3 气体一维定常流动的基本方程组  18-21
  1.4 本论文研究内容及创新点  21-23
第2章太阳能热推进系统中的能量转换分析  23-41
  2.1 高通量太阳辐射能量的传输  23-29
    2.1.1 太阳辐射的特性  23-26
    2.1.2 二次聚光技术的应用  26-28
    2.1.3 光纤技术的应用  28-29
  2.2 吸热/推力室的构型与选材  29-37
    2.2.1 吸热/推力室的结构特点  29-34
    2.2.2 吸热/推力室的材料选取  34-35
    2.2.3 喷管的热防护材料选取  35-37
  2.3 能量转换计算公式  37-39
    2.3.1 光热转换计算公式  37-38
    2.3.2 热传导计算公式  38-39
  2.4 本章小结  39-41
第3章太阳能热推进系统中吸热/推力室的建模及分析  41-61
  3.1 FLUENT软件在STP系统流场分析中的应用  41-49
    3.1.1 FLUENT软件的优势  41-43
    3.1.2 FLUENT解决问题的步骤  43-44
    3.1.3 FLUENT边界条件的处理  44-49
  3.2 STP系统构型选参及性能的理论估算  49-55
    3.2.1 STP系统结构参数选取  49-50
    3.2.2 以氨气为工质的理论估算  50-51
    3.2.3 以氨气为工质的理论估算  51-52
    3.2.4 理论结果分析  52-55
  3.3 工质气体的动力学模型  55-59
    3.3.1 建立传热模型与流动模型  55-56
    3.3.2 网格划分  56
    3.3.3 确定边界条件  56-57
    3.3.4 确立动力学方程及湍流模型  57-59
  3.4 本章小结  59-61
第4章太阳能热推进系统中吸热/推力室的仿真模拟及分析  61-71
  4.1 以氨气为工质的仿真模拟与分析  61-64
    4.1.1 流场分析及系统性能计算  61-63
    4.1.2 模拟结果分析  63-64
  4.2 以氢气为工质的仿真模拟与分析  64-67
    4.2.1 流场分析及系统性能计算  64-67
    4.2.2 模拟结果分析  67
  4.3 影响STP系统性能的因素分析  67-70
    4.3.1 喷管构型对STP系统性能的影响  67-69
    4.3.2 壁面温度对STP系统性能的影响  69-70
  4.4 本章小结  70-71
结论与展望  71-73
参考文献  73-77
致谢  77-78
附录A 攻读学位期间所发表的学术论文  78

太阳能热推进系统中吸热/推力室的流场及性能分析

内容摘要

全文目录

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